This study presents the design and development of an IoT-based Agricultural Wheeled Sprayer for efficient and safe pesticide application. The main objective of the proposed system is to reduce human exposure to harmful chemicals and improve spraying efficiency using automation. The system is built using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, 16×2 LCD display, four geared DC motors with wheels, motor driver module, water pump with nozzle mechanism, relay module, lithium-ion battery, and water tank. A web-based dashboard is developed to monitor real- time temperature and humidity data in graphical form and to remotely control the robot’s movement (forward, backward, left, right) and pump operation via Wi-Fi. The experimental results demonstrate reliable wireless control, stable environmental monitoring, and uniform pesticide spraying performance under field conditions. The system reduces labor effort, ensures operator safety, and enhances precision in agricultural spraying. The study concludes that the proposed Agribot provides a cost-effective and scalable solution for smart farming applications.

The present research focused on the design and development of an IoT-based Agricultural Wheeled Sprayer aimed at improving safety, efficiency, and precision in pesticide application. The integration of the ESP32 microcontroller with environmental sensing, motorized mobility, and a remotely controlled spraying mechanism demonstrates a practical implementation of smart farming technology. The system successfully combines hardware and software components to enable real- time monitoring of temperature and humidity along with wireless control of robot movement and pump operation through a web dashboard. The developed prototype provides stable movement across agricultural surfaces using a four- wheel drive mechanism and ensures uniform spraying through an electrically controlled pump and nozzle system. The inclusion of a lithium-ion battery enhances portability and field usability. The web-based interface improves operational convenience by allowing farmers to monitor environmental conditions and control spraying activities remotely. Overall, the proposed system offers a low-cost, user-friendly, and scalable solution for modern agricultural practices. The study highlights the potential of IoT and embedded systems in transforming conventional farming methods into safer and more efficient automated systems.

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