This project investigates the design and implementation of an IoT-enabled piezoelectric footstep energy harvesting system aimed at sustainable power generation in public spaces. The research focuses on converting mechanical stress from human footsteps into usable electrical energy through piezoelectric transducers. A systematic methodology was adopted, beginning with the selection and testing of piezoelectric materials, followed by circuit design for rectification, storage, and regulation of the generated voltage. The system was integrated with IoT-based monitoring, enabling real-time data acquisition and performance analysis via wireless communication modules. Experimental trials were conducted on prototype platforms to evaluate energy output under varying load conditions and footstep frequencies. Results demonstrated that the system can reliably generate small-scale electrical energy sufficient for powering low-consumption devices such as LED lighting and sensors, while the IoT interface provided accurate monitoring of energy generation patterns. The significance of this work lies in its potential application in smart cities, where high foot traffic areas such as railway stations, malls, and campuses can be utilized for decentralized renewable energy production. By combining piezoelectric technology with IoT, the project highlights a practical approach to energy sustainability, offering an innovative solution for reducing dependence on conventional power sources and promoting eco-friendly infrastructure.

The IoT-enabled piezoelectric footstep energy harvesting system presents a practical and sustainable solution for low-power energy generation in high-footfall environments. By converting mechanical stress from human footsteps into electrical energy, the system demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing ambient kinetic energy for powering devices such as LED lights, mobile chargers, and sensor networks. The integration of IoT technology enhances the system’s functionality by enabling real-time monitoring, data analytics, and remote control. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of series-parallel sensor configurations and full-wave rectifier circuits in optimizing voltage output and energy storage. This research contributes to the growing field of renewable micro-energy systems and supports the vision of smart, self-powered infrastructure. With further advancements in material science, sensor design, and intelligent energy management, the system can be scaled for broader applications in smart cities, public transportation hubs, and off-grid communities.

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